I’m such a good lover because I practice a lot on my own. — Woody Allen
It’s unglamorous and unexciting — sometimes positively boring and frustrating — but my daily hour of solo technique practice is of crucial importance to my dancing. My teacher always says that even the prima ballerina of the Bolshoi does her daily hour of exercises at the barre and, while tango is by no means as demanding a discipline as ballet, it’s still the case that practice, while it certainly doesn’t make perfect (at least not in my case) makes sense.
I put music on the stereo. Actually, although I also do daily listening practice, I prefer, in this case, not to use tango music. This is partly to give my ears a break from the constant onslaught of Argentine melancholy and partly because I don’t listen to the music much when focusing, as I am now, primarily on the quality of my movement. Recently, I’ve variously been practising to Sting, Ella Fitzgerald, Alicia Keys and Björk. Today, I choose the dulcet country and western tones of the Dixie Chicks.
The first half an hour I spend, as always, walking forwards, sideways and (above all) backwards. Whoever said that you should walk in tango the same way as you walk down the street wasn’t a follower. I have never walked down a street backwards in my life. And I don’t wear high heels in real, non-tango life either. For my practice, I put on my very highest pair because I want to develop good balance.
It can be hard to focus and concentrate when no one is monitoring you. I’ve never been good at meditation and my mind wanders during shavasana pose in yoga. But I get the closest I can to becoming a master of Zen meditation during my solo tango technique practice. The only thoughts going through my mind are efforts to lift from my back, keep my hips down and relaxed, my heels as low as possible, my free leg soft with the iliac crests of both legs pointing straight forwards and to push laterally off the floor in the opposite direction from the way I am travelling. Your technique may differ. There are many different techniques that can work well. But at some point you have to make a choice, have a precise technique in mind and try to incorporate it and develop muscle memory.
The journey from your intention to move in a particular way to the place where your body will cooperate can be a very long one and sometimes feels a little like an assault course. I persevere and focus on my visualisations, as a meditator might on a candle. The ground is soft and springy, like a feather bed or like soft sand on a tropical beach; my iliac crests are the headlights of a strange, backward-travelling train illuminating the sultry night; I am just an embrace and a pair of feet, nothing else, gliding effortlessly across the floor of my flat.
Now for the turning exercises: ochos, open diagonals, giros, spot turns, boleos, planeos, enrosques and every possible combination thereof. The little devil on my shoulder (the same one who thinks it’s OK to drink that third glass of wine, to send pathetic emails to my ex-boyfriend and to skip my abdominal exercises today) tries to persuade me to stick to the easier balance exercises. But I persevere and try to find the tango zone: the feeling, not so much of control of the movement, as of taking the physics of the movement itself and making that natural momentum work in my favour. I envisage twisting and pivoting around a ghostly but gorgeous fantasy partner (in my case, Barack Obama, miraculously transformed into an excellent tango dancer) to keep my sense of direction. The floor, I tell myself, is my friend. And in tango there is not much danger of injury, so courage, ma chère, au combat. I just wish some of the men who think following is easy would don a pair of heels and try this. I have a male friend who did just that: took a thrice-weekly technique class in a fetching pair of vertiginous, polka-dotted Comme Il Fauts which turned him into a giant. A poofy-looking giant, but one with excellent balance.
Of course, solo practice is not a substitute for practising with a partner or for social dancing in a milonga setting. When I am actually dancing, I want to be able to focus on quite different things — in particular, the interpretation of the music, the connection with my partner and the embrace — and not have to worry about technicalities such as my posture or whether my weight change is soft or clunky and elephantine. Like a pianist playing endless scales, I concentrate now on the boring, repetitive and purely technical challenges in order to free myself up to think about more artistic elements of the dance later.
You don’t have to be a detail-obsessed nerd with a perfectionism that borders on an OCD to dance tango. But it helps.

Hi,
how do you interpret the music? I mean you got to follow the leader and how would you harmonize your interpretation of the music with the guy’s interpretation of the music? Ain’t everyone hears and interprets the music differently? And when you interpret the music in a certain way – is it reflected in your body movements and how do you reconcile those movements with the lead?
I always thought that I am the one doing the interpretation and the girl would have to follow my interpretation.
Thanks
Solo practice definitely doesn’t replace practising with a partner or going out dancing. I use it to hone things that have to do with the quality of my movement, such as balance, dissociation and posture. It’s not about musicality as such (although I think you could also work on aspects of musicality solo). I write about musicality in the entry of that name. Maybe I answer your questions there. If not, feel free to check in again.
As a someone who dances mainly as a leader, my understanding of how a follower can interpret the music while still remaining in harmony with the leader is, put simply, to focus on that harmony. For this harmony – which is emotional as well as musical – to be possible, while both leader and follower are providing creative input (that may sometimes momentarily clash), there must be a certain level of rapport, and a certain level of skill. The more of those two elements are present, the more it is possible for the follower to add their own musical interpretation into the dance.
Maybe one way of thinking about it is as the follower interpreting the lead together with the music. Some ways of doing that will be barely perceptible to the leader, while others will require more of an exchange of the leading role (which depends a lot on rapport and skill). In the latter case this will hopefully be accompanied by a willingness of the follower to accept more of the responsibilities of the leader for that time.
My personal feeling on this is that providing the overarching intent is to share personal expression within the context of staying in harmony with each other, then there’s a lot of scope for the follower to interpret the music, and a lot of potential fun, inspiration and variety for the leader too, when that happens.
You’re right, Joe, it’s definitely a two-way process. On the one hand, I try to pay attention to how the leader is hearing the music and to adapt to that and match the cadence and style of my movements to his (which I can do much more easily if I am listening too). But there are also moments in the dance where I have the opportunity to show him how I hear things. There are moments where almost every good leader is still — at the end of a musical phrase, for example, or, in a different kind of example, when he is waiting for the follower to pass in a parada. And those are obvious places where I can do little decorations which express how I feel the music at that point (there are many other opportunities to do this, too). My aim with these decorations is not so much to look pretty (unless I am performing when this is a factor) as to express something the music inspires me to express and to share that with the leader. Leaders often smile or laugh slightly or make little sounds of enjoyment at those points and when that happens it’s almost always a good sign. However, of course, it is also possible to get carried away and overdecorate and you need to be especially wary of this temptation if the music is very dramatic. And if the leader is leading a lot of complicated steps, it’s often overkill to decorate as well. It’s a question of taste, judgement and experience. I write more about this here http://tangoaddiction.wordpress.com/2011/01/05/musicality/.
I enjoyed your post! I also admire your discipline to practice every day – I tend to only manage once or twice a week these days. I definitely think having a detailed orientated personality helps with this dance, and that those who put in this kind of training alongside the dancing have a larger field of expression and play to explore within the dance. (Not that there’s anything ‘wrong’ with simply being a social tango dancer.)
I was curious whether you really see it as necessary to wear your highest heals to train your balance sufficiently, or whether it’s just something you’re experimenting with at the moment? I can see how it effectively makes the leg longer, which means balance needs to be more precise. On the other hand – not having tested the theory personally – I can imagine that higher heals have a more pronounced effect on posture, hamstring flexibility, back, foot and ankle strain.
Thanks, Joe! I’m glad you enjoyed the post. I don’t like wearing really high heels all the time to dance, as I think they are a little hard on my feet. However, when I’m doing solo practice I try to do things which challenge my balance MORE than it would be challenged on the dance floor. That way, when I’m dancing I feel doubly secure and grounded. I don’t think the higher heels have much effect on posture, but they do on balance. I really recommend you get some tango heels in your size. Practising in them will do wonders for your balance and groundedness and will help you to understand what followers feel and need. I promise to still think you are manly!
Love your visualisation, that really helps. I have danced for years, and generally take a class a week just to work on technique. Currently with Mina every Tuesday at The Dome, a great work out, and she takes no prisoners. Her teaching stays with me for days afterwards, it even effects the way I move in daily life. Do you use a mirror? When I am practicing, well, sort of moving between cooker, sink and fridge preparing dinner, I find the french windows or the reflective surface of the fridge helps with correcting the posture. I also dance tango to other pieces of music, I am beginning to realise you can use it to dance to almost anything!
I think that’s great, Tina. I think dancers at all levels of experience and skill can benefit from solo technique practice. I sometimes use a mirror and sometimes don’t. My teacher actually disapproves of mirrors. She believes that it’s very important to learn to feel whether the movement is right or not without having to look. On the whole, I think I agree with her. (Though, as always with technique practice, different approaches can work.) Sometimes, though, I video myself.
p.s. I think Barak Obama would make a great tango dancer, however, I also think Michelle would be pretty good too! So we might never get a look in!
Unfortunately, I think learning to dance tango is not very high on Barack’s list of priorities right now. Well, he’s too tall for me anyway, that’s my consolation.
Excellent post and beautiful writing, I really enjoy your writing! I also practice by myself. I started out as a ballet dancer and always warm up with solo excercises before a class to find my center and balance before I dance with a partner. I think having been a ballet dancer made me understand the need for pure technique work. As you said, when you’re dancing with a partner you can’t focus only on yourself. I’ve been suggesting solo work to some of my friends and students and have shared the link to this post. I wish I had time to practice an hour a day. I also love the idea of using a camera and taking a video as I practice (I don’t have mirrors where I can practice). Thank you for such a great idea.
Thank you, Jenny! Was it Martha Graham who said that technique is the dancer´s freedom?
Mostly, I actively enjoy my technique practise. But sometimes I have to force myself to do it. But it´s worth it!
The one thing I would caution (for anyone reading this) is that, if a move isn´t going quite right, don´t practise it for hours and drive yourself bonkers. Little and often (I´d recommend an hour a day) works best for most people. And I also don´t practise solo technique immediately before a performance. Pre-performance jitters can make you feel more off-balance and solo technique balance exercises can just make you feel worse. (Just trust that once you´re out there your body will know what to do. The jitters usually disappear as soon as you start dancing).
Otherwise, yes, technique exercises are wonderful and I recommend them to everyone. It´s also really satisfying to be able to practise and improve your tango at those times when you don´t have a partner. And keeping a video record will also help you to track your own progress, as well as diagnosing your strengths and weaknesses. Good luck!
Hi,
I’m a complete beginner (have been taking classes for only 2 months!) and I realize that I need a good amount of practice just walking to have good balance. But I was also wondering what types of other exercises you do, specifically, how do you practice your ochos or giros. Also, if you have any suggestions of other types of exercise that would help a beginner, I’m all ears!
Thanks!
Hi Patricia! You are absolutely right that lots of solo practice walking will help you a lot. And it will also help if you practise your giros, ochos and in fact any tango movements you can think of solo. Unfortunately, it really *isn’t* easy to describe exactly how you should do that, here in writing. There are many different ways of dancing an ocho, for example, and many different techniques you can use (and the same is true for walking). Like most dancers, I have my own preferred techniques, find some of the other techniques helpful and some distinctly unhelpful and even wrong. But tango isn’t an exact science (and you should distrust any teacher who claims that they have the secret formula and everyone else is wrong). It’s also very difficult to learn from a description or from a video. I’d suggest asking local teachers for exercises and, if there are any visiting teachers you admire, ask them to show you some solo exercises and talk you through them. One of the big advantages of this approach is that you can always practise and improve your dancing, even though you may not always have a practice partner. Good luck and sorry I can’t be more specifically helpful.
Hi Patricia,
I’d second Terpsi’s advice about finding teachers to take you through exercises in person, and the view that there are different ways that work for different people (no ‘one true tango technique’) Personally, I’ve found it helpful to develop a kata to assist my technique practice and also to share with my students. Maybe you’d find it hard to fully understand what is happening from the video in the link (and my technique is not an example of perfection), but it might at least give you some ideas for practice you find helpful:
http://tangolingua.blogspot.co.uk/2012/04/fuertes-raices-tango-kata-mkii.html
Terpsi and Joe,
Thanks for the advice, I do have a couple of teachers who I can ask for exercises and to correct my technique, so I will see what they say and start implementing my own daily exercise routine.
Joe, thanks for the video, I think that is very helpful to give me an idea on the movements I should start with.